These elements as text, forms, images like GIFs, JPEGs, PNGs can be placed on the page using HTML, XHTML, or XML tags. Some of the older browsers and complex media like vector graphics, animations, videos, and sounds may require Plug-ins such as Abode Flash, QuickTime, Java run-time environment etc. Plug-ins are also into the web pages by using HTML or XHTML tags.

Improvements in browsers’ compliance with W3C standards promoted widespread acceptance and usage of XHTML and XML in conjunction with Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to position and manipulate web page elements ant objects.